- There are two kidneys in the urinary system with separate blood supplies, they carry out filtration, excretion and Osmoregulation.
- The kidneys use the process of excretion and filtration.
- Each kidney there is a tube which lead to the bladder called the ureter.
- The ureter carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.
- The urine is conducted to the outside of the body down the urethra, to be excreted which travels down the vagina or penis.
Sunday, October 30, 2011
2.69 Urinary system
2.68b Osmoregulation
- Osmoregulation means control of Osmosis.
- Tissue fluid, surrounding the cells in the body are isotonic with the cytoplasm of the cells.
- It means that the amount of water going in and out of these cells are equal, and the cells will stay the same size and maintain their function.
- The danger of the tissue is that blood circulating into the tissue is concentrated, causing a hypertonic tissue fluid.
- It also may be very dilute causing a hypotonic tissue fluid.
2.68a Excretion
- The urea contains nitrogen which is toxic to the body and cannot be stored.
- The original form of nitrogen are amino acids.
- Blood circulates into the liver and breaks down, and it is converted into Urea.
- It re-enters the blood stream and circulates to both kidneys.
- The kidneys filter the urea from the blood and will be added to water to form urine.
2.67b Human organs of Excretion
- The lungs excrete carbon dioxide through respiration.
- The kidneys excrete H20, Urea and Salts.
- Skin excretes water and salt through the process of sweating and also abit of Urea.
2.67a Excretion in plants
- Photosynthesis happens when a leaf absorbs light energy and in this process it combines CO2 with water to form glucose and oxygen which are given off as waste molecules.
- CO2 + H2O ---> C6H12oO6 + O2 -> Excretion
- Glucose and Oxygen happen through enzyme reactions, the glucose is broken down and forms ATP.
- Carbon dioxide is a metabolic waste and is excreted.
- C6H12oO6 + O2 ---> ATP + H2O + H2O -> Respiration
- Glucose molecule are broken down and energy is used to form ATP and get the waste of carbon dioxide and water to be given off.
- This waste process is called Excretion.
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